A straight arrow traveling from a light source depicts a light ray (left) and a group of arrows represents a light beam (right). Patterns can be used to identify cause and effect relationships.Ĭause and Effect: Mechanism and Prediction.Ĭause and effect relationships may be used to predict phenomena in natural or designed systems.įigure 1.
The iterative process of testing the most promising solutions and modifying what is proposed on the basis of the test results leads to greater refinement and ultimately to an optimal solution. Sometimes parts of different solutions can be combined to create a solution that is better than any of its predecessors. When light shines on an object, it is reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through the object, depending on the object's material and the frequency (color) of the light.Ī solution needs to be tested, and then modified on the basis of the test results, in order to improve it. Undertake a design project, engaging in the design cycle, to construct and/or implement a solution that meets specific design criteria and constraintsĪpply scientific ideas or principles to design, construct, and/or test a design of an object, tool, process or systemĮvaluate competing design solutions based on jointly developed and agreed-upon design criteria. Planning and Carrying out Investigations.Ĭonduct an investigation and/or evaluate and/or revise the experimental design to produce data to serve as the basis for evidence that meet the goals of the investigation.Ĭonstructing Explanations and Designing Solutions.Ĭonstruct a scientific explanation based on valid and reliable evidence obtained from sources (including the students' own experiments) and the assumption that theories and laws that describe the natural world operate today as they did in the past and will continue to do so in the future. This lesson focuses on these aspects of NGSS Three Dimensional Learning: Science & Engineering Practices This lesson helps students prepare for these Next Generation Science Standards Performance Expectations:ĭevelop and use a model to describe that waves are reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through various materials.ĭevelop a model to generate data for the iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved. Construct and describe a diagram of the light's path as it bounces off reflective surfaces.Guide a light beam through a maze using mirrors.Understand and explain the law of reflection.Students can show their final design solution either on the call or they can share pictures or drawings of their designs on a class drive.
The Reflect sections can be done over another video call. For example, old CDs can work as mirror replacements. A set of materials can be prepared in advance or students can use materials found around the house. The Engage section of the lesson can be done over a video call, then students can work individually and independently during the Explore sections, using the student worksheet and the maze template as guide. Remote Learning: This lesson plan can be conducted remotely. Students will then use their gained knowledge in a mirror maze challenge where they have to find a way to guide a light beam through a maze in order to hit a specific target. By doing that, they will discover that when a light ray hits a reflective surface, its angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection, which is stated by the law of reflection. Specifically, students will use mirrors and flashlights to investigate how light is reflected from a surface. This lesson focuses on materials that reflect light. When light interacts with an object, it can be absorbed, transmitted, or reflected.